| |
|
|
|
 |
|
|
| Formal
Name: |
Republic
of Albania |
|
| Capital: |
Tirane |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
3.4 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
70 male, 75 female |
| Religion: |
Muslim 70%, Greek Orthodox 20%, Catholic
10% |
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
Albanian |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
New Lek |
| Per
Capita: |
$1740 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
|
| Fun
Fact: |
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
| Useful
Websites: |
|
|
|
|
 |
Andorra
|
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Principality
of Andorra |
|
| Capital: |
Andorra la Vella |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
64,000 |
| Life
Expectancy: |
|
| Religion: |
Catholic 86% |
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
Catalan |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
French franc, Spanish peseta |
| Per
Capita: |
$8,956 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
From the 13th century Andorra has been
co-governed by the French and Spanish. Skiing and duty free
shopping have made this country a big tourist spot. |
| Fun
Fact: |
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
| Useful
Websites: |
|
|
|
|
 |
Belgium
|
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Kingdom
of Belgium |
|
| Capital: |
Brussels |
Other
Major Cities: |
Brugge |
| Population: |
10.1 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
72 male, 79 female |
| Religion: |
Catholic 75% |
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
Dutch, French, German |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Belgian franc |
| Per
Capita: |
$25,820 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
austria was invaded during both World
Wars. Still tense along the French and Flemish borders |
| Fun
Fact: |
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
| Useful
Websites: |
|
|
|
|
 |
Bosnia
and Herzegovina |
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
The
Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina |
|
| Capital: |
Sarajevo |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
3.5 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
69 male, 75 female |
| Religion: |
Orthodox Catholic 31%, Roman Catholic
15%, Slavic Muslim 40%, Protestant 4% |
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
Serbian, Croatian |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Bosnian dinar |
| Per
Capita: |
$1540 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
Yugoslavia was a blend of Muslim,
Croats and Serbs but dissolved into war in 1992-1995. Yugoslavia
dissolved into war in 1992. The countries of Slovenia, Croatia,
Macedonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina were formed. The country
of Serbia and Montenegro was formed from the remaining area
of Yugoslavia.
Sarajevo was host of the Winter Olympics
in 1984. |
| Fun
Fact: |
|
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
|
| Useful
Websites: |
|
|
|
|
 |
Bulgaria
|
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Republic
of Bulgaria |
|
| Capital: |
Sofia |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
8.8 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
68 male, 75 female |
| Religion: |
Bulgarian orthodox 85%, Muslim 13%,
Jewish 1% |
| Government:
|
Democratic |
| Language(s): |
Bulgarian |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Lev |
| Per
Capita: |
$2,130 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
Ruled by the Turks 1396-1878
1908 became a kingdom
1947-1989 communist rule |
| Fun
Fact: |
|
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
|
| Useful
Websites: |
travel-bulgaria.com
|
|
|
|
 |
|
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Republic
of Belarus |
|
| Capital: |
Minsk |
Other
Major Cities: |
Brest |
| Population: |
10.1 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
|
| Religion: |
Russian orthodox 60%, Roman Catholic
8% |
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
Belorussian |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Byelorussia ruble |
| Per
Capita: |
$2,160 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
Formerly part of the USSR, reluctantly
went independent in 1991
1986 Chernobyl explosion in Ukraine
has affected environment |
| Fun
Fact: |
|
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
|
| Useful
Websites: |
|
|
|
|
 |
Croatia
|
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Republic
of Croatia |
|
| Capital: |
Zagreb |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
4.5 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
68 male, 76 female |
| Religion: |
Roman Catholic 77%, Slavic Muslim 1% |
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
Croatian |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Kuna |
| Per
Capita: |
$5350 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
Part of yugoslavia that exploded into
war in 1992. |
| Fun
Fact: |
|
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
|
| Useful
Websites: |
mint.hr |
|
|
|
 |
Czech
Republic |
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Czech
Republic |
|
| Capital: |
Prague |
Other
Major Cities: |
69 male, 76 female |
| Population: |
10.3 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
|
| Religion: |
Roman Catholic 50%, Protestant 20%,
Other Catholic 2% |
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
Czech |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Czech Koruna |
| Per
Capita: |
$6740 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
Long time protests against Russia
include the Prague Spring of 1968 and finally the "Velvet
Revolution" of 1989 which lead to the fall of Communist
USSR
Vaclav
Havel, a playwright previously jailed for political writings
and Amnesty International prisoner of conscience, was elected
president in 1989. |
| Fun
Fact: |
Milan Kunder among several known literary
figures, hails from Prague |
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
|
| Useful
Websites: |
czechcenter.com
a-zprague.cz
pragueiguide.com |
|
|
|
 |
Estonia |
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Republic
of Estonia |
|
| Capital: |
Tallinn |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
1.5 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
66 male, 75 female |
| Religion: |
|
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
Estonian |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Kroon |
Per
Capita: |
$4,960 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
Part of the baltic states under USSR,
Estonian are actually Finno-Ugric and the language is similar
to Finnish |
| Fun
Fact: |
|
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
|
| Useful
Websites: |
visitestonia.com |
|
|
|
 |
Faeroe
Islands |
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Faeroe
Islands |
|
| Capital: |
Torshavn |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
47,310 |
| Life
Expectancy: |
73 male, 79 female |
| Religion: |
|
| Government:
|
Self governing territory of Denmark |
| Language(s): |
|
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
|
| Per
Capita: |
|
| 20th
Century Recap: |
Due to the Gulf Stream current these
islands actually have a mild climate for their latitude. |
| Fun
Fact: |
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
| Useful
Websites: |
FaroeIslands.com
puffin.com/travel |
|
|
|
 |
Finland
|
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Republic
of Finland |
|
| Capital: |
Helsinki |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
5.1 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
71 male, 79 female |
| Religion: |
Evangelical Lutheran 89%, Greek Orthodox
1% |
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
Finnish, Swedish |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Markka |
| Per
Capita: |
$27,000 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
Ruled by Russia from 1908-1917
Joined EU in 1995 |
| Fun
Fact: |
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
| Useful
Websites: |
thekingsroad.com
finland-tourism.com
hel.fi/mato (Helsinki) |
|
|
 |
France
|
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
The
French Republic |
|
| Capital: |
Paris |
Other
Major Cities: |
Nice, Aix en Provence, Brest |
| Population: |
60.1 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
73 male, 81 female |
| Religion: |
ROman Catholic 90%, Jewish 1%, Muslim
1%, Protestant 2% |
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
French |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Franc |
| Per
Capita: |
$23,470 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
|
| Fun
Fact: |
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
| Useful
Websites: |
franceguide.com
francetourism.com
officialcities.org/france
paris.org |
|
|
|
 |
Germany |
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Federal
Republic of Germany |
|
| Capital: |
Berlin |
Other
Major Cities: |
Bonn, Munich |
| Population: |
81.6 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
72 male, 78 female |
| Religion: |
Protestant 45%, Roman Catholic 37% |
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
German |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Deutsche Mark |
| Per
Capita: |
$25,580 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
|
| Fun
Fact: |
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
| Useful
Websites: |
germany-tourism.de
lodging-germany.com
|
|
|
|
 |
|
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Gibraltar |
|
| Capital: |
Gibraltar |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
28,000 |
| Life
Expectancy: |
72 male, 78 female |
| Religion: |
|
| Government:
|
British territory |
| Language(s): |
|
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
|
| Per
Capita: |
|
| 20th
Century Recap: |
Located at the southern tip of spain
the British have maintained military base and lately off-shore
banking has grown |
| Fun
Fact: |
|
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
|
| Useful
Websites: |
gibraltar.gov.gi |
|
|
|
 |
Greece
|
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Hellenic
Republic |
|
| Capital: |
Athens |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
10.5 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
73 male, 78 female |
| Religion: |
Greek Orthodox 98% (duh!) |
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
Greek |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Drachma |
| Per
Capita: |
$13,700 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
Birthplace of the modern Olympics,
Athens hosted the 2004 summer games |
| Fun
Fact: |
|
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
|
| Useful
Websites: |
gnto.gr
athensguide.com |
|
|
|
 |
Hungary
|
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Republic
of Hungary |
|
| Capital: |
Budapest |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
10.1 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
65 male, 74 female |
| Religion: |
Roman Catholic 68%, Calvinist 20%,
Lutheran 5% |
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
Hungarian |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Forint |
| Per
Capita: |
$6330 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
|
| Fun
Fact: |
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
| Useful
Websites: |
hungarytourism.hu
gotohungary.com
|
|
|
|
 |
Iceland
|
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Republic
of Iceland |
|
| Capital: |
Reykjavik |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
300,000 |
| Life
Expectancy: |
75 male, 80 female |
| Religion: |
Evangelical Lutheran 96% |
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
icelandic |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Icelandic krona |
| Per
Capita: |
$30,810 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
Gained independence from Denmark in
1944 |
| Fun
Fact: |
Iceland has over 200 volcanoes and
geysers. In Iceland people heat their house with hot water
from thermal baths and have to pay for cold water |
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
|
| Useful
Websites: |
iceyourist.is
arctic.is
reyjavik.com
|
|
|
|
 |
Ireland |
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Republic
of Ireland |
|
| Capital: |
Dublin |
Other
Major Cities: |
Belfast, Galway, Killarney |
| Population: |
3.6 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
71 male, 77 female |
| Religion: |
|
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
Irish, English |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Irish pound |
| Per
Capita: |
$26,900 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
Northern Ireland still remains under
British rule and remains a tension point for independence
Dublin's economy is the fastest in
Europe in the last 10 yrs. |
| Fun
Fact: |
|
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
|
| Useful
Websites: |
ireland.travel.ie |
|
|
|
| |
|
|
| Formal
Name: |
|
|
| Capital: |
|
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
|
| Life
Expectancy: |
|
| Religion: |
|
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
|
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
|
| Per
Capita: |
|
| 20th
Century Recap: |
|
| Fun
Fact: |
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
|
| Useful
Websites: |
|
|
|
|
 |
Latvia
|
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Republic
of Latvia |
|
| Capital: |
Riga |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
2.6 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
65 male, 75 female |
| Religion: |
|
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
Latvian |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Lats |
| Per
Capita: |
$4070 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
Independence from USSR in 1991
|
| Fun
Fact: |
Only 52% are ethnic Latvians |
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
|
| Useful
Websites: |
latviatravel.com
|
|
|
|
 |
Liechtenstein
|
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Principality
of Liechtenstein |
|
| Capital: |
Vaduz |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
30,630 |
| Life
Expectancy: |
66 male, 73 female |
| Religion: |
Roman Catholic 87%, Protestant 8% |
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
German |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Swiss franc |
| Per
Capita: |
$31,000 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
|
| Fun
Fact: |
|
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
|
| Useful
Websites: |
|
|
|
|
 |
Lithuania |
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Republic
of Lithuania |
|
| Capital: |
Vilnius |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
3.7 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
67 male, 76 female |
| Religion: |
|
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
Lithuanian |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Litas |
| Per
Capita: |
$4490 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
One of the Baltic states that gained
independence in 1991 from USSR
Russia finally withdrew in 1993 |
|
| Fun
Fact: |
|
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
|
| Useful
Websites: |
tourism.lt
|
|
|
|
 |
Luxembourg
|
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Grand
Duchy of Luxembourg |
|
| Capital: |
Luxembourg |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
400,000 |
| Life
Expectancy: |
71 male, 78 female |
| Religion: |
ROman Catholic 97%, Protestant and
Jewish 3% |
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
Letzeburhish |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Luxembourg franc |
| Per
Capita: |
$43,900 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
Before World War II it was higher
than US in per capita
Headquarters for many of the EU institutions |
| Fun
Fact: |
|
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
|
| Useful
Websites: |
etat.lu/tourism
www.ont.lu
luxembourg.co.uk
|
|
|
|
 |
Macedonia
|
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Former
Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia |
|
| Capital: |
Skopje |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
2.2 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
70 male, 74 female |
| Religion: |
|
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
no official language |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Macedonian denar |
| Per
Capita: |
$790 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
Tensions run high with Greece due to
historical disputes over Great Macedonia in Northern Greece |
| Fun
Fact: |
|
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
|
| Useful
Websites: |
|
|
|
|
 |
Malta
|
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Republic
of Malta |
|
| Capital: |
Valletta |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
400,000 |
| Life
Expectancy: |
74 male. 78 female |
| Religion: |
Roman Catholic 98% |
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
Maltese, English |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Maltese lira |
| Per
Capita: |
$9,260 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
|
| Fun
Fact: |
Maltese language is actually a mix
of arabic due to its location and history
Visiting tourists number twice the
population |
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
|
| Useful
Websites: |
visitmalta.com |
|
|
|
| |
Moldova
|
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Republic
of Moldova |
|
| Capital: |
Chisinau |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
4.4 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
66 male, 72 female |
| Religion: |
|
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
Moldovan |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Moldovan leu |
| Per
Capita: |
$870 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
Once part of Romania it was ruled by
USSR from 1940-1991 |
| Fun
Fact: |
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
| Useful
Websites: |
|
|
|
 |
Monaco |
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Principality
of Monaco |
|
| Capital: |
Monaco |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
31,000 |
| Life
Expectancy: |
|
| Religion: |
Roman Catholic 95% |
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
French |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
French franc |
| Per
Capita: |
$11,000 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
Finances changes dramatically when
Prince Charles III opened a casino in 1863 turning it into
a tourist destination and banking center |
| Fun
Fact: |
American Actress Grace Kelly became
Princess Grace when she married Prince Ranier of Monaco |
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
|
| Useful
Websites: |
monoco-congres.com
monoco.mc/usa |
|
|
|
| |
|
|
| Formal
Name: |
Serbia
and Montenegro |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
Formerly part of Yugoslavia, this
country is now called Serbia and Montenegro.
Click here for Serbia
Montenegro. |
|
|
| |
|
|
| Formal
Name: |
Kingdom
of Norway |
|
| Capital: |
Oslo |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
4.3 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
73 male. 80 female |
| Religion: |
Evangelical Lutheran 88%, |
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
Norwegian |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Norwegian krone |
| Per
Capita: |
$26,480 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
|
| Fun
Fact: |
Gro Harlem Brundtland became the first
female prime minister in 1981 |
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
| Useful
Websites: |
tourist.no
norway.org |
|
|
| |
|
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Republic
of Poland |
|
| Capital: |
Warsaw |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
38.4 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
67 male, 76 female |
| Religion: |
Roman Catholic 95% |
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
Polish |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Zloty |
| Per
Capita: |
$5270 |
| Per
Capita: |
|
| 20th
Century Recap: |
Gained independence from USSR in 1989.
Pope John Paul II (Karol Woytila) is widely credited with
helping the Polish people to united and create the solidarity
movement. |
| Fun
Fact: |
Solidarity leader Lech Walesa was awarded
the Nobel PEace Prize in 1983 fro his work in fighting communism. |
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
|
| Useful
Websites: |
polandtour.org
krakow.pl/wk/en |
|
|
|
| |
|
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Republic
of Portugal |
|
| Capital: |
Lisbon |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
9.8 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
71 male, 78 female |
| Religion: |
Roman Catholic 97%, Protestant 1% |
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
portuguese |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Escudo |
| Per
Capita: |
$12,130 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
1974 bloodless coup.
Joined EU in 1986 |
| Fun
Fact: |
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
| Useful
Websites: |
portugalinsite.pt
portugal.org |
|
|
| |
|
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Romania |
|
| Capital: |
Bucharest |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
22.8 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
67 male. 73 female |
| Religion: |
Romanian orthodox 70%, Greek Catholic
3%, Roman Catholic 6%, Protestant 6% |
| Government:
|
Democratic |
| Language(s): |
Romanian |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Leu |
| Per
Capita: |
$2,300 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
Formerly part of the Ottoman, Russian
and Hapsburg empires, ROmania became a kingdom in 1878.
After World War II it became communist.
Communist leader Nicolae Ceausescu
ruled from 1965 until 1989 when he was overthrown and executed
by firing squad (shown on TV). |
| Fun
Fact: |
|
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
|
| Useful
Websites: |
tourism.ro
rotravel.com |
|
|
|
| |
|
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Republic
of San Marino |
|
| Capital: |
San Marino |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
24,000 |
| Life
Expectancy: |
73 male. 79 female |
| Religion: |
Roman Catholic 96% |
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
Italian |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Italian lira |
| Per
Capita: |
$8545 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
Self ruled since the 4th century, it's
divided into 9 castles or districts |
| Fun
Fact: |
After Nauru, San Marino is the smallest
republic in the world |
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
|
| Useful
Websites: |
|
|
|
|
| |
Scotland
|
|
| Formal
Name: |
Scotland |
|
| Capital: |
|
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
|
| Life
Expectancy: |
|
| Religion: |
|
| Government:
|
Scotland is part of the United Kingdom
but has its own parliament? |
| Language(s): |
|
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
|
| Per
Capita: |
|
| 20th
Century Recap: |
|
|
| Fun
Fact: |
|
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
|
| Useful
Websites: |
visitscotland.com
seeglasgow.com |
|
|
|
| |
|
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Serbia
and Montenegro
(Federal
Republic of Yugoslavia)) |
|
| Capital: |
Belgrade |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
10.9 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
69 male, 74 female |
| Religion: |
Orthodox Catholic 65%, Muslim 19%,
Roman Catholic 4%, Protestant 1% |
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
Serbian |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Dinar |
| Per
Capita: |
$1920 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
Former leader Slobodan Milosevic
is in The Hague currently on trial for war crimes.
Yugoslavia dissolved into war in 1992.
The countries of Slovenia, Croatia, Macedonia, and Bosnia
and Herzegovina were formed. The country of Serbia and Montenegro
was formed from the remaining area of Yugoslavia. |
| Fun
Fact: |
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
| Useful
Websites: |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Slovak
Republic |
|
| Capital: |
Bratislava |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
5.4 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
67 male, 75 female |
| Religion: |
Roman Catholic 50%, Orthodox Catholic
2%, Protestant 20% |
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
Slovak |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Slovak koruna |
| Per
Capita: |
$4920 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
1993- independence less developed half
of Czechoslovakia (see Czech Republic) |
| Fun
Fact: |
|
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
|
| Useful
Websites: |
sacr.sk
slovakia.org/tourism |
|
|
|
| |
|
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Republic
of Slovenia |
|
| Capital: |
Ljubljana |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
1.9 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
69 male, 77 female |
| Religion: |
|
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
Slovene |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Tolar |
| Per
Capita: |
$11,830 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
Yugoslavia dissolved into war in
1992. The countries of Slovenia, Croatia, Macedonia, and
Bosnia and Herzegovina were formed. The country of Serbia
and Montenegro was formed from the remaining area of Yugoslavia.
|
| Fun
Fact: |
|
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
|
| Useful
Websites: |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Kingdom
of Spain |
|
| Capital: |
Madrid |
Other
Major Cities: |
Seville, Barcelona, Valencia |
| Population: |
39.6 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
73 male, 80 female |
| Religion: |
Roman Catholic 99% |
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
Spanish, Galician, Basque, Catalan |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
peseta |
| Per
Capita: |
$16,990 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
since the death of dictator Franco
in 1975 Spain has made the transition to relative democracy
with help of King Juan Carlos I
1986 joined the EU |
| Fun
Fact: |
Barcelona was the 1992 host of the
Summer olympic games |
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
|
| Useful
Websites: |
tourspain.es
okspain.org
red2000.com
andalucia.org
barcelona-on-line.es
madridman.com |
|
|
|
| |
|
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Svalbard
and Jan Mayen |
|
| Capital: |
Longyearbyen |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
3,431 |
| Life
Expectancy: |
|
| Religion: |
|
| Government:
|
Norwegian dependency |
| Language(s): |
|
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
|
Per
Capita: |
|
| 20th
Century Recap: |
Mostly coal mining industry made up
of 9 ice covered islands |
| Fun
Fact: |
|
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
|
| Useful
Websites: |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Kingdom
of Sweden |
 |
| Capital: |
Stockholm |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
8.8 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
75 male, 80 female |
| Religion: |
Evangelical lutheran 94%, Pentecostal
1%, Roman Catholic 2% |
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
Swedish |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Swedish krona |
| Per
Capita: |
$28,840 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
Joined EU in 1995 |
| Fun
Fact: |
Sweden has one of the most developed
health care systems in the world and is a leader in women's
rights
The always reliable Volvo and Saabs
come form Sweden. |
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
| Useful
Websites: |
visit-sweden.com
gosweden.org
stockholm.com |
|
|
| |
|
|
| |
| Formal
Name: |
Swiss
Confederation |
|
| Capital: |
Bern |
Other
Major Cities: |
Lucerne, St Moritz |
| Population: |
7.2 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
74 male, 81 female |
| Religion: |
Roman catholic 48%, Protest 44% |
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
German, French, Italian |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Swiss franc |
| Per
Capita: |
$37,180 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
Switzerland has managed to stay neutral
in every major war since 1815 |
| Fun
Fact: |
|
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
|
| Useful
Websites: |
myswitzerland.com
switzerlandtourism.com |
|
|
|
| |
|
|
| Formal
Name: |
Ukraine |
|
| Capital: |
Kiev |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
51.4 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
66 male, 75 female |
| Religion: |
|
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
Ukrainian |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
karbovanets |
| Per
Capita: |
$1,570 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
independent state formed in 1918 but
then overrun by Soviets and Polish forces. Finally separated
from USSR in 1991 |
| Fun
Fact: |
|
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
|
| Useful
Websites: |
ukremb.com
unazone.net/kiev.html |
|
|
|
| |
|
|
| Formal
Name: |
United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland |
|
| Capital: |
London |
Other
Major Cities: |
|
| Population: |
58.3 million |
| Life
Expectancy: |
73 male, 79 female |
| Religion: |
Anglican 47%, Catholic 9%, Presbyterian
4%, Methodist 1%, Muslim 3% |
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
English |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
British pound |
| Per
Capita: |
$28,350 |
| 20th
Century Recap: |
|
| Fun
Fact: |
|
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
| Useful
Websites: |
travelengland.org.uk
travelbritain.org
visitbritain.com
edinburgh.org (Also See Scotland)
londontown.com |
|
|
| |
|
|
| Formal
Name: |
State
of the Vatican City (also known as the Holy See) |
|
| Capital: |
Vatican |
| |
|
| Population: |
1,000 |
| Life
Expectancy: |
|
| Religion: |
Catholic |
| Government:
|
|
| Language(s): |
Italian, Latin |
Hello
|
|
Goodbye
|
|
Thank you
|
|
| Currency: |
Lira |
| Per
Capita: |
|
| 20th
Century Recap: |
|
| Fun
Fact: |
St Peter's basilica is built on
the site of St Peter's tomb. 1506-1626
"On this rock you will build
my church..." |
| Must
see sights/landmarks: |
|
|
| Useful
Websites: |
vatican.va |
|
|
|
| |
|
|
| Yugoslavia dissolved
into war in 1992. The countries of Slovenia, Croatia, Macedonia,
and Bosnia and Herzegovina were formed. The country of Serbia and
Montenegro was formed from the remaining area of Yugoslavia and
declared a "Federal Republic of Yugoslavia". See Serbia
|
| |
| |